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International Convention Relating to Intervention on the High Seas in Cases of Oil Pollution Casualties : ウィキペディア英語版 | International Convention Relating to Intervention on the High Seas in Cases of Oil Pollution Casualties
International Convention Relating to Intervention on the High Seas in Cases of Oil Pollution Casualties 1969 (INTERVENTION 1969) is an international maritime convention affirming the right of a coastal State to "take such measures on the high seas as may be necessary to prevent, mitigate or eliminate grave and imminent danger to their coastline or related interests from pollution or threat of pollution of the sea by oil, following upon a maritime casualty or acts related to such a casualty".〔(Article 1 of the International Convention Relating to Intervention on the High Seas in Cases of Oil Pollution Casualties )〕 ==History== The 1967 Torrey Canyon disaster when the oil spilled from the tanker severely damaged coastal and marine environment and wildlife of the coastal State signalled a need to empower coastal State to take necessary measures to protect itself from pollution incidents outside this State's territory, i.e. on the high seas. In doing so, it was also deemed necessary to protect the legitimate interests of ship-owners, cargo owners and the flag States and the principle of the freedom of the high seas. The new Convention was drafted within the framework of the International Maritime Organization (IMO) and adopted at the international conference in Brussels, Belgium in 1969 entering into force in 1975. In 1973 the Protocol relating to Intervention on the High Seas in Cases of Marine Pollution by Substances other than Oil was adopted extending the provision of the 1969 Convention to other hazardous substances. The list of hazardous substances covered by Protocol was amended and extended in 1991, 1996 and 2002. As of 2014, the convention has 88 state parties.
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